SEED stands for the Study to Explore Early Development. It is a multi-year, multi-site collaborative study that will help identify what might put children at risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and other developmental disabilities.

SEED is researching risk factors for autism spectrum disorders by using the following techniques:

• Talking with mothers about pregnancy-related issues
• Looking at the medical records of the mother and child
• Asking the parents to fill out questionnaires at home
• Doing a developmental and physical evaluation of the child
• Taking cheek swabs for DNA samples from the mother, father and child
• Taking a small sample of blood from the mother, father and child

Q 1 SEED’s approach will produce more reliable data if

Individual objectives and organisational objectives are linked together by a common factor – motivation among employee towards work. Some steps of the organisation need to motivate the employees in order to satisfy their personal goals. They contribute their efforts to the attainment of goals of the organization which is a way of achieving their personal objectives.

Q 2 The passage best supports the statement that motivation:

Statement 1: Marian said, “Both Andre and I have spiders”.

Statement 2: Andre said, “I do not have spiders”.

Statement 3: Marian always tells the truth but Andre sometimes lies.

Q 3 If the above statements are true, then which of the following is also true?

I: Andre has a spider.

II: Marian has a spider.

III: Andre is lying.

Q4
Synergistic muscles are groups of muscles that work together to cause the same movement. Muscles that oppose each other are called antagonistic muscles.

For example, when the biceps brachii on the front of the upper arm contracts and shortens (agonist), the triceps brachii must relax and lengthen (antagonist) so that the arm can flex.

From the passage, it can be inferred that

Wasp stings are alkaline. Bee stings are acidic. Acids and alkalis neutralise each other. When they are mixed new substances called salts are formed. Water is formed at the same time.

Vinegar is acidic in nature. Baking soda is a weak alkaline compound.

Q 5 Which of the following would provide the most relief for a wasp sting?

In a certain code ‘13’ means ‘stop smoking’ and ‘72’ means ‘injurious habit.’

Note the following statements:

Statement I: ‘174’ means ‘stop bad habit’.

Statement II: ‘862’ mean ‘smoking is injurious’

To find out what ‘2’ and ‘7’ mean respectively in that code.

Figure 1

Q 7. If the hospital management requires only married trained nurses for operation theater, which part of the diagram should be selected by the hospital management?

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of any element gives us the mass number of that element. The number of protons gives us the atomic number. The mass of electrons, organised in energy levels or shells outside the nucleus, is not given a number because it is miniscule and can be ignored.

Consider the following statements:

1. Each energy level can only hold a certain number of electrons.
2. The first energy level holds a maximum of two electrons. The second energy level holds a maximum of 18 electrons, and the third holds a maximum of 34 electrons.
3. A lower energy level must be filled before electrons move on to the next energy level.
4. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the number of protons. Aluminium has mass number of 27 and an atomic number of 13.

Q 8 Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the information above?

Jackson: Borrelly Comet, now in a part of its orbit relatively far from the sun and the other planets, recently flared brightly enough to be seen by telescopes from the earth. No comet has ever been observed to flare so far from the sun before, so such a flare is highly rare.

Palin: Absolutely false. Usually no one spends any time to try to observe comets when they are so far from the sun. This flare was observed only because an observatory spaceship was tracking Borrelly Comet very closely.

Q 9. Palin challenges Jackson’s reasoning by

Dewford City is positioned to the west of Nuvema City, who too is positioned to the west of White City. Pastoria City is to the east of Nuvema City and to the west of Cianwood City.

Q 10.  Cianwood City must be positioned to the east of

The graph below shows the percentage of young women intending to vote in the next election compared with the figure for all ages of men and women.

Q11 . Which of the following statement(s) can be deduced from the information provided?

I: Women are more likely to vote as they get older.

II: Women are less likely to vote than men.

III: Women are less likely to vote than men in the next election.

A mark sheet should be able to show any marks from 0 to 650. The mark is shown by hanging cards on three hooks, each card having a number printed on it on one side only (6 and 9 are not interchangeable). In the diagram below, the mark shown is 60.

Figure 1

Q 12.How many cards are necessary to show any mark from 0 to 650?

Different kinds of animals, fungi, plants and microorganisms are called different ‘species’. This reflects a real biological difference. A species is defined as a potentially interbreeding group of organisms that can reproduce viable offspring that themselves can interbreed. Thus, animals of two different species, like a horse and a zebra that produce non-viable offspring, cannot interbreed, while animals of the same species can.

Q 13 Based on the definition provided, it can be assumed that

At a small garage, parking spaces are reserved for top ministers: finance, prime minister, vice president, security, and employment with the spaces lined up in that order. The cars are yellow, green, purple, red, and blue and the executives’ names are Albert, Bird, Christopher, Dennis and Blyton.

«   The car in the first place is red.

«   A blue car is parked between the red car and the green car.

«   The car in the last place is purple.

«   The security drives a yellow car.

«   Albert’s car is parked next to Dennis’s.

«   Blyton drives a green car.

«   Bird’s car is parked between Christopher’s and Blyton’s.

«   Dennis’s car is parked in the last space.

Q 14 Who is the security minister?

At a small garage, parking spaces are reserved for top ministers: finance, prime minister, vice president, security, and employment with the spaces lined up in that order. The cars are yellow, green, purple, red, and blue and the executives’ names are Albert, Bird, Christopher, Dennis and Blyton.

«   The car in the first place is red.

«   A blue car is parked between the red car and the green car.

«   The car in the last place is purple.

«   The security drives a yellow car.

«   Albert’s car is parked next to Dennis’s.

«   Blyton drives a green car.

«   Bird’s car is parked between Christopher’s and Blyton’s.

«   Dennis’s car is parked in the last space.

Q 15 Who is the finance minister?

One of the strangest cases of symbiosis is that of the acoel flatworm, Convoluta roscoffensis. The worms themselves are transparent, but within them live Platymonas algae, which contain chlorophyll, and are capable of photosynthesis. They give the worms a green colour.

The algae absorb sunlight through the worms’ clear skin and photosynthesise food — enough food that the worms have no functioning digestive tract or even working mouths. The algae even recycle the worms’ waste products, and go through entire life cycles inside the worms’ bodies.

There are three kinds of symbiotic relationships.

Mutualism – In which both parties benefit equally from the symbiosis.

Commensalism – In which one party benefits without helping or harming the other.

Parasitism – In which one party benefits at the cost of the other.

Q 16 The relationship between the acoel flatworm and Platymonas algae is:

A trucking company can act as a common carrier — for hire to the general public at published rates.  As a common carrier, it is liable for any cargo damage, unless the company can show that it was not negligent. If the company can demonstrate that it was not negligent, then it is not liable for cargo damage. In contrast, a contract carrier (a trucking company hired by a shipper under a specific contract) is only responsible for cargo damage as spelled out in the contract.  A Claus Inc. tractor-trailer, acting under common carrier authority, was in a 5-vehicle accident that damaged its cargo. A Nichols Inc. tractor-trailer, acting under contract carrier authority, was involved in the same accident, and its cargo was also damaged.

Q 17 From the information given above, it can be validly concluded that, with reference to the accident,

Some 450,000 immigrants were living in a certain country in 1999.  Some of the immigrants were employed in professional services but many were unemployed as well.  For instance, many of them were engineers and many of them were nurses. Very few of these immigrants were librarians, another professional occupation.

Q 18 From the information given above, it can be validly concluded that, in 1999, in the country described above,

It is known to all that the world urgently needs adequate distribution of food, so that everyone can satisfy their needs. Appropriate distribution of medicine is just as important. In order to ensure proper medical care for the people in emerging nations, there is need for redistribution of medical supplies and expertise.

Q 19  Which of the following statements is best supported by the above paragraph?

Recently the debate about fast versus slow metabolisms, once dismissed as a myth used by those overweight to hide their eating habits, has resurfaced.

If you wanted to equal our ancient hunter-gatherer ancestors’ calorie expenditure, you would need to add a daily 3.5 hrs of running at 9 mph or swimming for 3.7 hrs or 5.7 hrs of walking over fields and small hills. We’ve now discovered that our daily lifestyles burn so few calories that we can’t make up the difference between what we currently expend and what our leaner predecessors burned by simply adding a one-hour workout. No wonder people feel they have a “slow metabolism”!

Q 20 The passage supports the idea that modern man’s

Quinn’s house is to the north of Peter’s house. Ryan’s house is to the east of Quinn’s house. Sullivan’s house is to the left of Peter’s house.

Q 21 If Peter wants to reach Ryan’s house from Sullivan’s house, in which direction should he travel?

Albert, Benjamin, Cahn, Doug, Eahan are 5 men sitting in a line facing South while Mitchell, Nicole, Oleman, Pamela, Jolie are 5 ladies sitting in a second line parallel to the first line and are facing North.

1. Benjamin who is to the right of Doug is opposite to Jolie.
2. Cahn and Nicole are sitting diagonally opposite to each other.
3. Eahan is sitting opposite to Oleman who is just next right of Mitchell.
4. Pamela who is just right of Jolie is sitting opposite to Doug.
5. Mitchell is sitting at one end of the line.

Q 22. If Benjamin shifts to the place of Eahan, Eahan shifts to the place of Jolie and Jolie shifts to the place of Benjamin, then who will be second to the left of the person opposite to Oleman?

The chart below is adapted from Causative Factors: Type 2 Diabetes

Proximal factors refer to personal/individual issues that might contribute to Type 2 Diabetes

Distal factors are external socio-economic and environmental issues that might contribute to Type 2 Diabetes.

Q 23 Which of the following statements is supported by the diagram above?

Obesity is a serious problem in this country. Research suggests that obesity can lead to a number of health problems including diabetes, asthma, and heart disease. Some recent studies have even concluded that there may be a relationship between obesity and some types of cancer. Major public health campaigns that increase awareness and propose simple lifestyle changes that will with diligence and desire, eliminate or at least mitigate the incidence of obesity are a crucial first step in battling this critical problem.

Q 24 This paragraph best supports the statement that

Ricky and Daniel are brothers. Tara is Daniel’s sister. John is the only son of Ricky’s uncle. Betty and Terry are daughters of the brother of John’s father.

Q 25 How is John related to Tara?

Ricky and Daniel are brothers. Tara is Daniel’s sister. John is the only son of Ricky’s uncle. Betty and Terry are daughters of the brother of John’s father.

Q 26 How many males are there?

There are 500 cookies that are to be divided among 5 children according to their age, the oldest getting the highest number and so on. No two children can have the same number of cookies and each has at least 30.

Q 27 What is the largest number of cookies that the third oldest boy can have?

A study was carried out in hospitals with standardised treatment protocols for stroke victims and had the participation of 1162 eligible patients (60% male; 7% Indigenous). Indigenous patients had a greater prevalence of stroke risk factors e.g. diabetes. More had intra-cerebral haemorrhages (25%  vs. 16% non-Indigenous) and fewer were likely to seek timely allied health interventions. Fewer Indigenous patients were treated in stroke units than non-Indigenous patients. Indigenous patients aged 18 – 64 years had threefold odds of dying or being dependent upon discharge.

Conclusions:

Australian Indigenous patients with stroke received a reduced quality of care in hospitals and experienced worse long-term outcomes than non-Indigenous patients.

Q 28 Which of the statements would help to draw the conclusion that indigenous patients experienced worse treatment?

A study was carried out in hospitals with standardised treatment protocols for stroke victims and had the participation of 1162 eligible patients (60% male; 7% Indigenous). Indigenous patients had a greater prevalence of stroke risk factors e.g. diabetes. More had intra-cerebral haemorrhages (25%  vs. 16% non-Indigenous) and fewer were likely to seek timely allied health interventions. Fewer Indigenous patients were treated in stroke units than non-Indigenous patients. Indigenous patients aged 18 – 64 years had threefold odds of dying or being dependent upon discharge.

Conclusions:

Australian Indigenous patients with stroke received a reduced quality of care in hospitals and experienced worse long-term outcomes than non-Indigenous patients.

Q 29 Which of the following results from the study best supports the authors’ conclusion that Indigenous patients received poorer quality care than their non-Indigenous counterparts in stroke?

Seven specialist doctors P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V visit a clinic on 4 days, Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday in a week. At least one doctor but not more than 2 doctors visit the clinic on each of these days. Each of them is a specialist of different fields, ENT, orthopaedic specialist, paediatrician, neurologist, ophthalmologist, radiologist and oncologist. S visits on Friday with the radiologist, the paediatrician does not visit on Saturday or with T and V. The oncologist U visits alone on Tuesday. Q visits on Wednesday and he is not a paediatrician. R visits on Wednesday. V is not a radiologist. The paediatrician visits with the ENT specialist, the neurologist visits on Friday. P is neither an orthopaedic specialist nor a radiologist.

Q 30 What is the profession of S?

Seven specialist doctors P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V visit a clinic on 4 days, Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday in a week. At least one doctor but not more than 2 doctors visit the clinic on each of these days. Each of them is a specialist of different fields, ENT, orthopaedic specialist, paediatrician, neurologist, ophthalmologist, radiologist and oncologist. S visits on Friday with the radiologist, the paediatrician does not visit on Saturday or with T and V. The oncologist U visits alone on Tuesday. Q visits on Wednesday and he is not a paediatrician. R visits on Wednesday. V is not a radiologist. The paediatrician visits with the ENT specialist, the neurologist visits on Friday. P is neither an orthopaedic specialist nor a radiologist.

 Q31 On which day, does the orthopaedic specialist and ophthalmologist visit?

The graphs below show the number of questions answered per unit time by 4 students over a period of 15 minutes.

Q 32 Which two students answer the same number of questions in 15 minutes?

In the past, foodies would rarely walk into a fast food store and order low-fat food. But the situation has changed today. An increasing health consciousness combined with a much bigger selection of tasty low fat food has contributed to change the past situation. Changing preference has made low fat fast food a very profitable item for fast food store owners.

Q 33 The paragraph best supports the argument that

The discovery of distinctly shaped copper coins at various prehistoric sites scattered over a large geographic region has led archaeologists to question how the coins were spread. Some believe that the coin makers migrated to the various sites, carrying the coins along with them; others believe that the coins were spread by trade, while their makers remained in one place. Now, analysis of the bones of prehistoric human skeletons has led some scientists to believe that high concentrations of a certain metallic element in the human skeleton are indicative of migration to a new location after childhood. Many of the bones which were found near the pots at some sites witnessed high levels of this metallic element. Therefore, some scientists conclude that the coins were spread by migration.

Q 34 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

The discovery of distinctly shaped copper coins at various prehistoric sites scattered over a large geographic region has led archaeologists to question how the coins were spread. Some believe that the coin makers migrated to the various sites, carrying the coins along with them; others believe that the coins were spread by trade, while their makers remained in one place. Now, analysis of the bones of prehistoric human skeletons has led some scientists to believe that high concentrations of a certain metallic element in the human skeleton are indicative of migration to a new location after childhood. Many of the bones which were found near the pots at some sites witnessed high levels of this metallic element. Therefore, some scientists conclude that the coins were spread by migration.

Q 35 Which of the following facts would most effectively weaken the conclusion that the coins were spread by migration?

Doctors who treat infectious patients cannot both respect their patients’ right to confidentiality and be sincerely concerned for the welfare of other patients from the infection. Reporting a patient’s unreported disease violates the patient’s trust, but remaining silent leaves the infectious patient out of treatment, free to spread more disease.

Q 36, Which one of the following most effectively weakens the argument?

The passage below is adapted from “Italian Wall Lizards Use Third Eye to Steer by the Sun“

To test how third eyes — technically known as parietal eyes — help reptiles find their way, biologists from Italy’s University of Ferrara first trained Italian Wall lizards to swim directly across a pool of water to reach their food source. Next, they moved the lizards to light controlled environments. Half served as a control group and were subjected to normal daylight hours. Half were subjected to random changes of light irrespective of the time of day. Finally, scientists covered lizards’ third eyes with paint or — in a later, more gruesome iteration — removed their parietal eyes altogether. When released to swim across the pool all lizards swam in random directions, no longer able to navigate effectively.

Q 38 Italian scientists trained the lizards in order to

The passage below is adapted from “Italian Wall Lizards Use Third Eye to Steer by the Sun“

To test how third eyes — technically known as parietal eyes — help reptiles find their way, biologists from Italy’s University of Ferrara first trained Italian Wall lizards to swim directly across a pool of water to reach their food source. Next, they moved the lizards to light controlled environments. Half served as a control group and were subjected to normal daylight hours. Half were subjected to random changes of light irrespective of the time of day. Finally, scientists covered lizards’ third eyes with paint or — in a later, more gruesome iteration — removed their parietal eyes altogether. When released to swim across the pool all lizards swam in random directions, no longer able to navigate effectively.

Q 39 Findings from the above study suggest that

The passage below is adapted from “Italian Wall Lizards Use Third Eye to Steer by the Sun“

To test how third eyes — technically known as parietal eyes — help reptiles find their way, biologists from Italy’s University of Ferrara first trained Italian Wall lizards to swim directly across a pool of water to reach their food source. Next, they moved the lizards to light controlled environments. Half served as a control group and were subjected to normal daylight hours. Half were subjected to random changes of light irrespective of the time of day. Finally, scientists covered lizards’ third eyes with paint or — in a later, more gruesome iteration — removed their parietal eyes altogether. When released to swim across the pool all lizards swam in random directions, no longer able to navigate effectively.

Q 40 The study would be more reliable if researchers had

Every evening five friends named Mike, Nathan, Olive, Patrick and Ricky return from office by train. The train passes through six stations namely A to F. The train stops at station A and proceeds in alphabetical order to station F.

Mike gets off at either station A or station B.

Olive gets off at one station before or one station after the one in which Ricky gets off.

Patrick gets off at station C.

Ricky gets off at either stations D, E or F.

No one re-boards the train after getting off.

Q 42 On an evening, when no one gets off at Station E or F, which of the following must be true?

Every evening five friends named Mike, Nathan, Olive, Patrick and Ricky return from office by train. The train passes through six stations namely A to F. The train stops at station A and proceeds in alphabetical order to station F.

Mike gets off at either station A or station B.

Olive gets off at one station before or one station after the one in which Ricky gets off.

Patrick gets off at station C.

Ricky gets off at either stations D, E or F.

No one re-boards the train after getting off.

Q 43 On an evening, when Ricky gets off at Station D and no more than two of his friends get off at any one station, which of the following must be true?

Every evening five friends named Mike, Nathan, Olive, Patrick and Ricky return from office by train. The train passes through six stations namely A to F. The train stops at station A and proceeds in alphabetical order to station F.

Mike gets off at either station A or station B.

Olive gets off at one station before or one station after the one in which Ricky gets off.

Patrick gets off at station C.

Ricky gets off at either stations D, E or F.

No one re-boards the train after getting off.

Q 44 At which of the following stations is it possible for Nathan and Olive to be the only friends getting off the evening train?

I   Station C

II  Station D

III Station E

Questions 43 – 44

The following conversation is between a mother Jean and her daughter Alice who has been suspended from school. Her daughter has been reprimanded by her teachers for physically assaulting a classmate in the playground.

Jean: Do you know why the teachers have asked you not to return to school this week?
Alice: I broke the rules.
Jean: What rule did you break?
Alice: I hit Natalie because she stole my lunch.
Jean: How do you think Natalie felt after what you did?
Alice: I think her arm was hurt.
Jean: How do you think the other boys and girls will feel about you in school after this?
Alice: I don’t know.
Jean: Would you feel safe and happy if the other boys and girls were being violent during break time?
Alice: No
Jean: When you go back to school after the next couple of days, do you think if you apologise to Alice and the teachers, then that will make her and the others feel better?
Alice: I suppose it might.

Q43. How does Jean respond to Alice’s answer that she broke the rules?

Questions 43 – 44

The following conversation is between a mother Jean and her daughter Alice who has been suspended from school. Her daughter has been reprimanded by her teachers for physically assaulting a classmate in the playground.

Jean: Do you know why the teachers have asked you not to return to school this week?
Alice: I broke the rules.
Jean: What rule did you break?
Alice: I hit Natalie because she stole my lunch.
Jean: How do you think Natalie felt after what you did?
Alice: I think her arm was hurt.
Jean: How do you think the other boys and girls will feel about you in school after this?
Alice: I don’t know.
Jean: Would you feel safe and happy if the other boys and girls were being violent during break time?
Alice: No
Jean: When you go back to school after the next couple of days, do you think if you apologise to Alice and the teachers, then that will make her and the others feel better?
Alice: I suppose it might.

Q44. What does Jean seem to believe will be most helpful for Alice?

The following passage is taken from a woman’s account of her life as someone living with manic-depression.

I had been married for two months when my husband committed me, his 27-year-old bride, to a locked psychiatric ward. In the 12 years since I was diagnosed as manic-depressive, I have never fully thanked or forgiven him. And I’ve never forgotten how frightened I was as I watched the man I love cast me off behind closed doors. Yet despite my fear and humiliation, I was relieved to think that at last someone might be able to help me. Being involuntarily committed was the defining moment of my life.

Back then, in 1982, I didn’t know that manic depression, also called bipolar disorder, is due to a chemical imbalance in the brain that can cause an individual to swing from states of manic excitement and energy to periods of overwhelming anguish and despair. I had no idea that this disorder affects more than three million Americans, that it can cause physical as well as mental symptoms or that it can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Looking back, it’s a miracle that I survived long enough to get the help I needed. As a little girl, growing up in a loving and large extended Italian family in Chicago, I felt an emptiness, a sadness, I could never explain. The nuns at school didn’t know what to make of me. I was either withdrawn or vivacious and I always had mysterious physical problems, such as unstoppable nosebleeds and blinding migraine headaches. I’d vomit. I’d have to lie in darkened rooms. If there was an ounce of light, I couldn’t move.

Q 45 The narrator felt humiliated because she had been

The following passage is taken from a woman’s account of her life as someone living with manic-depression.

I had been married for two months when my husband committed me, his 27-year-old bride, to a locked psychiatric ward. In the 12 years since I was diagnosed as manic-depressive, I have never fully thanked or forgiven him. And I’ve never forgotten how frightened I was as I watched the man I love cast me off behind closed doors. Yet despite my fear and humiliation, I was relieved to think that at last someone might be able to help me. Being involuntarily committed was the defining moment of my life.

Back then, in 1982, I didn’t know that manic depression, also called bipolar disorder, is due to a chemical imbalance in the brain that can cause an individual to swing from states of manic excitement and energy to periods of overwhelming anguish and despair. I had no idea that this disorder affects more than three million Americans, that it can cause physical as well as mental symptoms or that it can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Looking back, it’s a miracle that I survived long enough to get the help I needed. As a little girl, growing up in a loving and large extended Italian family in Chicago, I felt an emptiness, a sadness, I could never explain. The nuns at school didn’t know what to make of me. I was either withdrawn or vivacious and I always had mysterious physical problems, such as unstoppable nosebleeds and blinding migraine headaches. I’d vomit. I’d have to lie in darkened rooms. If there was an ounce of light, I couldn’t move.

Q 46 What do the words “I have never fully thanked or forgiven him” indicate about the narrator

The following passage is taken from a woman’s account of her life as someone living with manic-depression.

I had been married for two months when my husband committed me, his 27-year-old bride, to a locked psychiatric ward. In the 12 years since I was diagnosed as manic-depressive, I have never fully thanked or forgiven him. And I’ve never forgotten how frightened I was as I watched the man I love cast me off behind closed doors. Yet despite my fear and humiliation, I was relieved to think that at last someone might be able to help me. Being involuntarily committed was the defining moment of my life.

Back then, in 1982, I didn’t know that manic depression, also called bipolar disorder, is due to a chemical imbalance in the brain that can cause an individual to swing from states of manic excitement and energy to periods of overwhelming anguish and despair. I had no idea that this disorder affects more than three million Americans, that it can cause physical as well as mental symptoms or that it can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Looking back, it’s a miracle that I survived long enough to get the help I needed. As a little girl, growing up in a loving and large extended Italian family in Chicago, I felt an emptiness, a sadness, I could never explain. The nuns at school didn’t know what to make of me. I was either withdrawn or vivacious and I always had mysterious physical problems, such as unstoppable nosebleeds and blinding migraine headaches. I’d vomit. I’d have to lie in darkened rooms. If there was an ounce of light, I couldn’t move.

Q 47 According to the narrator, her husband was

The following passage is taken from a woman’s account of her life as someone living with manic-depression.

I had been married for two months when my husband committed me, his 27-year-old bride, to a locked psychiatric ward. In the 12 years since I was diagnosed as manic-depressive, I have never fully thanked or forgiven him. And I’ve never forgotten how frightened I was as I watched the man I love cast me off behind closed doors. Yet despite my fear and humiliation, I was relieved to think that at last someone might be able to help me. Being involuntarily committed was the defining moment of my life.

Back then, in 1982, I didn’t know that manic depression, also called bipolar disorder, is due to a chemical imbalance in the brain that can cause an individual to swing from states of manic excitement and energy to periods of overwhelming anguish and despair. I had no idea that this disorder affects more than three million Americans, that it can cause physical as well as mental symptoms or that it can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Looking back, it’s a miracle that I survived long enough to get the help I needed. As a little girl, growing up in a loving and large extended Italian family in Chicago, I felt an emptiness, a sadness, I could never explain. The nuns at school didn’t know what to make of me. I was either withdrawn or vivacious and I always had mysterious physical problems, such as unstoppable nosebleeds and blinding migraine headaches. I’d vomit. I’d have to lie in darkened rooms. If there was an ounce of light, I couldn’t move.

Q 48 “I was relieved to think that at last, someone might be able to help me.” What does the narrator mean by this statement?

The following passage is taken from a woman’s account of her life as someone living with manic-depression.

I had been married for two months when my husband committed me, his 27-year-old bride, to a locked psychiatric ward. In the 12 years since I was diagnosed as manic-depressive, I have never fully thanked or forgiven him. And I’ve never forgotten how frightened I was as I watched the man I love cast me off behind closed doors. Yet despite my fear and humiliation, I was relieved to think that at last someone might be able to help me. Being involuntarily committed was the defining moment of my life.

Back then, in 1982, I didn’t know that manic depression, also called bipolar disorder, is due to a chemical imbalance in the brain that can cause an individual to swing from states of manic excitement and energy to periods of overwhelming anguish and despair. I had no idea that this disorder affects more than three million Americans, that it can cause physical as well as mental symptoms or that it can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Looking back, it’s a miracle that I survived long enough to get the help I needed. As a little girl, growing up in a loving and large extended Italian family in Chicago, I felt an emptiness, a sadness, I could never explain. The nuns at school didn’t know what to make of me. I was either withdrawn or vivacious and I always had mysterious physical problems, such as unstoppable nosebleeds and blinding migraine headaches. I’d vomit. I’d have to lie in darkened rooms. If there was an ounce of light, I couldn’t move.

Q 49 The main reason behind the narrator’s anguish in the first paragraph was:

The following passage is taken from a woman’s account of her life as someone living with manic-depression.

I had been married for two months when my husband committed me, his 27-year-old bride, to a locked psychiatric ward. In the 12 years since I was diagnosed as manic-depressive, I have never fully thanked or forgiven him. And I’ve never forgotten how frightened I was as I watched the man I love cast me off behind closed doors. Yet despite my fear and humiliation, I was relieved to think that at last someone might be able to help me. Being involuntarily committed was the defining moment of my life.

Back then, in 1982, I didn’t know that manic depression, also called bipolar disorder, is due to a chemical imbalance in the brain that can cause an individual to swing from states of manic excitement and energy to periods of overwhelming anguish and despair. I had no idea that this disorder affects more than three million Americans, that it can cause physical as well as mental symptoms or that it can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Looking back, it’s a miracle that I survived long enough to get the help I needed. As a little girl, growing up in a loving and large extended Italian family in Chicago, I felt an emptiness, a sadness, I could never explain. The nuns at school didn’t know what to make of me. I was either withdrawn or vivacious and I always had mysterious physical problems, such as unstoppable nosebleeds and blinding migraine headaches. I’d vomit. I’d have to lie in darkened rooms. If there was an ounce of light, I couldn’t move.

Q 50 “I felt an emptiness, a sadness, I could never explain”—This shows that the narrator

The following passage is taken from the accounts of Roger Ebert. Roger wrote this article after 30 years of sobriety.

On Monday, August 1979, I went to visit wise old Dr. Jacob Anderson. I had been seeing him for a year, telling him I thought I might be drinking too much. He agreed, and advised me to go to “A.A.A,” which is what he called it.

Sounded like a place where they taught you to drink and drive. I said I didn’t need to go to any meetings. I would stop drinking on my own. He told me to go ahead and try, and check back with him every month.

Q 51 Dr. Anderson’s response to Roger’s confidence about being able to stop drinking all by himself can be best described as

The following extract is taken from a text written by a man about his understanding of materialism.

A lot of people in our culture get locked into these cycles of spending more and more and more. It’s all about, “…then I will be happy.” More is always better. You know the feeling: you really want something badly and as soon as you get it, you start thinking you could have a better one. What happens is if you are pushed only by material desires and you don’t develop other sides of your personality such as your relationships with other people, your sense of connection with the rest of life, then you run the risk of ending up at mid-life feeling very empty. People who get there say, “But, what’s it all for? I don’t know my kids, my wife’s leaving me.” Giving energy and attention to having a great marriage is not the same as buying your wife a lot of stuff.

Q 52 What does the second sentence in the passage tell about people?

The following extract is taken from a text written by a man about his understanding of materialism.

A lot of people in our culture get locked into these cycles of spending more and more and more. It’s all about, “…then I will be happy.” More is always better. You know the feeling: you really want something badly and as soon as you get it, you start thinking you could have a better one. What happens is if you are pushed only by material desires and you don’t develop other sides of your personality such as your relationships with other people, your sense of connection with the rest of life, then you run the risk of ending up at mid-life feeling very empty. People who get there say, “But, what’s it all for? I don’t know my kids, my wife’s leaving me.” Giving energy and attention to having a great marriage is not the same as buying your wife a lot of stuff

Q 53 Identify the mood expressed in the sentence “But, what’s it all for?”

Below is one man’s description of what he wants in life.

Sometimes I long for a walk through a garden. Or on a patio or a deck. A small table. A couple of chairs. A sun umbrella. Cool mornings. A newspaper or book. A quiet radio. A steaming hot mug of coffee. And someone who would share them with me. No talking necessary.

*sigh*

Is that too much?

Q 54 What does the narrator want?

The following is related by Amy, a middle-aged woman, who is feeling satisfied after a long period of dissatisfaction.

I am not the same anymore.

I feel lighter, hopeful, grateful, and more at peace with myself.

I can finally take a compliment more easily, without having the need to bring myself down.

I can finally speak to people more easily.

I can finally wake up in the morning and find a reason to get up. I couldn’t do that for years.

I’m starting to love the person I am and I hope to stay this way from now on.

Q 55 Amy can “finally take a compliment more easily” because

The following is an account by CJ, a young man prone to being suicidal.

I have a dream of someday becoming a great leader and Prophet of God. I also wish to discover something great, invent something that would change the world, write a best-seller and own a great business. I am passionate about helping people and love to give. I think the best thing about giving is the smile you put on people’s face. I love myself and the entire world (which is a BIIIIIG difference from how I felt years ago). I used to be addressed as the ugliest person in the world. So I know just as much as anyone what it’s like to be ugly. I used to look like an ugly dog, had bumps on my nose, never spoke to anyone unless spoken to and I stared at myself in the mirror for long periods just like most of you. The only thing is that I didn’t see a ugly person in the mirror. I saw a handsome young man that wanted to do good things in this world. But others didn’t see this in me.

Q 56 What does the boy think of himself?

The following is the account of a mother who gives birth to a baby boy.

Joe was born on 26th November 1998. Having had my daughter by caesarean section under general anaesthesia, I was determined to be a part of the birthing experience this time around and despite the background threat of a caesarean, Joe’s birth was a gentle, loving experience. He was bright red for the first week of his life, because he was early, the doctor said, but to me he was the most beautiful baby ever, our longed-for son.

Q 57 What does the sentence “I was determined to be a part of the birthing experience this time around” mean?

The following passage describes how a person feels when she/he is suffering from depression.

One of the devastating effects of depression is a gradual and ever increasing loss of a sense of one’s own worth or value. As depression deepens, the world without becomes very unappealing. No activity particularly attracts. Often, the company of others brings distress and pain. People begin to avoid and shun one’s presence. No one wants to hear about darkness and gloom and yet, this is all one has come to know. As outside circumstances become less and less bearable, a person’s inner sense of value or worth diminishes. When someone feels worthless, no amount of argument can compel this individual to see the world differently. This person may have accomplished much in life. Families may have been raised well; businesses established; books written; scientific discoveries made. All of these achievements seem to be nothing. “Yes, I did that in the past but now I can do nothing.” “I have become someone who can create nothing.”

Q 58 Why does the world become unappealing to the depressed?

The following passage contains the accounts of a cosmetic surgeon and his views regarding his profession.

Next to the casket, I leaned on my cane and admired the work my brother practitioners had done on Elizabeth Fordham Roth. She had died at 80, but she did not look a day over 60 and might have only been sleeping. Physical reconstruction. Cosmetics. Those are the easier mortuary arts. It is the work of an afternoon to sew eyelids shut with invisible stitches, to close a slack jaw, to smooth out wrinkles and rouge pallid cheeks back to seeming life. My branch of the discipline is far more subtle and is never finished in a single afternoon.

Q 59 The message implied in this illustration is that a

The following is a conversation between an old man and his young granddaughter after the death of her grandmother.

The young woman I was waiting for entered the chapel. I looked away from her but was aware of her approach as she came up the aisle. She hesitated, as if to give this elderly man, this stranger, whatever time he needed with her grandmother. I waited. And waited. I was not going to give her solitude. At last, she came to stand beside the coffin. We stood in silence together.

“She had quite the life,” I said at last.

The granddaughter said nothing. She set her mouth in a hard line.

“A good life,” I said. “And comfortable.”

Still no reaction, though a muscle jumped along her jaw.

“Are you family?” I said.

She nodded.

“I knew her when she was a girl,” I said. “My family had money, too, in those days. But not like the Fordhams. Riding stables. Servants. The lawns and gardens. There was a maze of hedges. Heaven for a child.”

“Well,” she said. And that was all.

I said, “And of course her father doted on her.”

The granddaughter turned to look at me. “Her father — ” she began. She squinted. “I don’t think we’ve met.”

“No,” I said, and bowed my head as if I had just given her my name. “Nice to meet you.” Age purchases a right to eccentricity, to vagueness. She didn’t ask directly for my name.

Q 60 What was the woman hesitant of doing?

The following is a conversation between an old man and his young granddaughter after the death of her grandmother.

The young woman I was waiting for entered the chapel. I looked away from her but was aware of her approach as she came up the aisle. She hesitated, as if to give this elderly man, this stranger, whatever time he needed with her grandmother. I waited. And waited. I was not going to give her solitude. At last, she came to stand beside the coffin. We stood in silence together.

“She had quite the life,” I said at last.

The granddaughter said nothing. She set her mouth in a hard line.

“A good life,” I said. “And comfortable.”

Still no reaction, though a muscle jumped along her jaw.

“Are you family?” I said.

She nodded.

“I knew her when she was a girl,” I said. “My family had money, too, in those days. But not like the Fordhams. Riding stables. Servants. The lawns and gardens. There was a maze of hedges. Heaven for a child.”

“Well,” she said. And that was all.

I said, “And of course her father doted on her.”

The granddaughter turned to look at me. “Her father — ” she began. She squinted. “I don’t think we’ve met.”

“No,” I said, and bowed my head as if I had just given her my name. “Nice to meet you.” Age purchases a right to eccentricity, to vagueness. She didn’t ask directly for my name.

Q 61 “She set her mouth in a hard line” indicates that the woman

The following is a conversation between an old man and his young granddaughter after the death of her grandmother.

The young woman I was waiting for entered the chapel. I looked away from her but was aware of her approach as she came up the aisle. She hesitated, as if to give this elderly man, this stranger, whatever time he needed with her grandmother. I waited. And waited. I was not going to give her solitude. At last, she came to stand beside the coffin. We stood in silence together.

“She had quite the life,” I said at last.

The granddaughter said nothing. She set her mouth in a hard line.

“A good life,” I said. “And comfortable.”

Still no reaction, though a muscle jumped along her jaw.

“Are you family?” I said.

She nodded.

“I knew her when she was a girl,” I said. “My family had money, too, in those days. But not like the Fordhams. Riding stables. Servants. The lawns and gardens. There was a maze of hedges. Heaven for a child.”

“Well,” she said. And that was all.

I said, “And of course her father doted on her.”

The granddaughter turned to look at me. “Her father — ” she began. She squinted. “I don’t think we’ve met.”

“No,” I said, and bowed my head as if I had just given her my name. “Nice to meet you.” Age purchases a right to eccentricity, to vagueness. She didn’t ask directly for my name.

Q 62 The woman did not ask the narrator’s name directly because

The following passages are accounts of the thoughts of a lady about what she thinks of marriage and togetherness.

Passage 1

Our friends Tina and Joe have installed his and her washbasins. The last time we had dinner there, we all got up with our wineglasses and went in to admire the renovated bathroom. We stood there for a while, sipping our wine and chatting merrily about this and that, as though having cocktails in the bathroom was the new thing. It made as much sense to me as individual washbasins did.

“What’s up with that?” I said to Ed on the way home. How often does it happen that you want to brush your teeth at precisely the same moment as your spouse, and in such a grave hurry that you can’t wait 40 seconds? Me, I enjoy the intimacy of brushing your teeth together, talking over the day’s events in an unintelligible, foamy garble. That’s what marriage is all about. Isn’t it?

Q 63 The phrase “What’s up with that?” shows that the narrator was

Passage 2

I launched into one of my tiresome laments about modern life, about how couples don’t live like couples anymore. Couples don’t share. Ed was quiet for a moment. Then he asked, “What do we share?”

I thought about this. We share a home e-mail account that neither of us checks or uses or remembers how to log on to. We share a DVD subscription service, though it’s Ed who manages the film queue. We don’t share the same shampoo or cereal or even toothpaste. I couldn’t come up with an answer.

Q 64 The passage shows that the narrator and her husband

Passage 2

I launched into one of my tiresome laments about modern life, about how couples don’t live like couples anymore. Couples don’t share. Ed was quiet for a moment. Then he asked, “What do we share?”

I thought about this. We share a home e-mail account that neither of us checks or uses or remembers how to log on to. We share a DVD subscription service, though it’s Ed who manages the film queue. We don’t share the same shampoo or cereal or even toothpaste. I couldn’t come up with an answer.

Q 65 What is the narrator complaining about?

For an experiment in togetherness, I suggested that we share iTunes, the software that allows you to download songs to create an online music library. Our shared music library lasted an hour. It was too embarrassing to let Ed know I’d downloaded a song by, say, Al Stewart. I’d paid for it but then, seeing it listed between Frank Sinatra and avant garde accordion-and-glockenspiel trio Tin Hat, I deleted it.

“How could someone not like the Klezmatics?” said Ed.

“I do like them,” I said. “I just would always rather, you know, listen to something else.” Ed made me a separate file for my music, which he labelled “Out-of-Date Pop,” or at least wanted to.

He showed me how I could copy any of the hundreds of songs in his music library to my own.

So I did. Now there were six songs in my library.

Ed looked at the list. “Those are the only ones you want?”

I nodded.

“Huh,” said Ed. “We’re very different, you and I.”

Q 66 The problem between the narrator and Ed was that

In the following passage, a man is talking about an unusual move he made on a woman.

About a year back, I got off the train and was waiting for my ride to come and pick me up. Suddenly, I felt the inspiration to write a poem but there was not even a scrap of paper at hand. It turned out that in my wallet, I had a dollar bill. There was very little writing surface on the dollar. I took my pen and wrote something like this:

“This is a very special dollar – given to you with love. Do not keep it. Do not spend it. Pass it on. Give it to someone else with love, and watch it spread.” Sitting near me was an anxious woman who was also waiting for a ride. I walked up to her and said “This is for you.”

Surprised to be given a dollar, she took a second look and read it. All of a sudden, her mood shifted from one of anxiety to warmth and she gave me a big hug and thanked me. I left.

Q 67 Why did the woman’s mood change?

Following is an account of a lady’s views about what an ideal partner should be like.

I always had an idyllic picture of what a partner would be like at the back of my mind. It would be someone who you come home to after a long day and there, in the warm comfort of the home you share together, he would jump up, swiftly cross the room and give you the slightest peck on the cheek which translates itself into the most content sensation within you. Two of you enjoy a good meal, talk about what happened in your day and later that evening, share the warmth of your double bed, once again content as you softly drift off to sleep.

Q 68 According to the narrator, a perfect relationship solely consists in being.

The following passage is an account of what a student feels after scoring low in the exams.

I was coming to terms with the fact that I had achieved low marks in the mid-term exams. This was really unbelievable. One part of me was screaming loudly, so much so that I couldn’t hear any other sound. The other part was extolling me to take action, to raise my voice against the gross injustice done to me. I was actually numb with inaction. She was after all, my head of the department. She knew best what had to be done and how many marks one had to get. I shouldn’t be unduly worried.

They were after all mid-term. In the finals, the real position would be known. The more I consoled myself, the more I became agitated. I had made the principal of the college aware of the matter. That was a month back. She had not yet taken any action nor called me regarding this. I was slowly losing patience. My classmates too had soothed me that I could outperform anyone in the annual exams. Somehow, nothing was clicking. I was becoming more and more withdrawn. When I deserved more, why did she mark me less and promote the other girl, who although bright, was never nearer to that extra mark than I was?

Q 69 Why was the narrator feeling helpless?

The following passage is an account of what a student feels about his teacher who demoralised him.

I’m living proof that even someone who is almost a high-school dropout can graduate from college with the highest honours, and be in medical school.

I did very poorly in high school. I knew I wanted to be a doctor and I felt I was smart enough to be in medical school, so I stayed in.

I had one 10th-grade teacher tell me I was border-line illiterate and needed to shape up, without offering any help, without even suggesting I get tested for a learning disability. I had to write an in-class book report, but I never bothered to read the book because I hated reading. I put the assignment to one side, telling myself I was just a lazy student.

Q 70 What was the greatest flaw in the teacher’s attitude?

The following is a boy’s account of what he feels when told to write an essay by his teacher.

The teacher spells out the writing assignment. “One page before the bell.”

I know the topic but, it doesn’t really matter.

My pencil has only been sharpened a couple of times but the eraser is all but gone and the metal end has been squeezed together to force what little eraser is left, to bulge past the metal edge. I am concentrating hard, very hard. I want to scream; only, it is a silent scream of anguish and despair. I know what I wanted to say, I knew the subject, probably better than the teacher, but I now realise that this paper makes no sense, even to me. I turn in my paper, glancing up only to see the teacher frown in disgust at the look of the messy page. The bell started ringing.

Q 71 What do you think caused the stress and anguish to the narrator?

Following is an account of a woman, Lindsay, who talks about how the profession of acting has affected her life.

How has acting helped your life?

Q 72

Lindsay’s nature was such that she

Following is an account of a woman, Lindsay, who talks about how the profession of acting has affected her life.

Q 73 How was acting like “someone had taken a knife and lanced this huge swollen wound inside me” to Lindsay?

The following is an account of a boy and his thoughts on life.

I was 14 when I began searching for heaven.

When people ask me what I do, they often laugh at my response. They slowly observe my sincerity, and frown momentarily. The frown is then replaced by an awkward smile and accompanied by raised eyebrows to express their discomfort. They think to themselves, “He looked odd, but not quite so odd. What a fool I was for dismissing him with that laugh.” But what could I have been expected to do? Who would believe that any man would be irrational enough to live so foolishly?

Q 74 What were the people’s reactions to the narrator?

The following passage has been taken from the account of O’Keefe, when he, along with his teenage friends, found an abandoned newborn girl by the side of a road.

“We didn’t know what to do,” says O’Keefe. “I don’t think any of us had really held a baby before.” So, the three stood beside the ditch, trying to think, dumbfounded, three gangly teens taking turns holding the baby to their chests to keep her warm.

“This was before mobile phones,” says O’Keefe, “Before, I think, even 911 emergency call centres had come to the area. We knew it was no use to keep walking up to Chris’s house, because his mum was working and no-one would be home. We figured we’d have a better chance just staying by the road and flagging down someone.” So they stood there and waited.

Q 75 In the given account, O’Keefe sounds

The following passage has been taken from the account of O’Keefe, when he, along with his teenage friends, found an abandoned newborn girl by the side of a road.

“We didn’t know what to do,” says O’Keefe. “I don’t think any of us had really held a baby before.” So, the three stood beside the ditch, trying to think, dumbfounded, three gangly teens taking turns holding the baby to their chests to keep her warm.

“This was before mobile phones,” says O’Keefe, “Before, I think, even 911 emergency call centres had come to the area. We knew it was no use to keep walking up to Chris’s house, because his mum was working and no-one would be home. We figured we’d have a better chance just staying by the road and flagging down someone.” So they stood there and waited.

Q 76 O’ Keefe and his friends’ actions seem to stem mainly from a feeling of

The following passage is narrated by a social leader and it is aimed to trigger the inner strength.

Let the truth be told, you are who you are only because you ‘think’ you are. You are the handicap you must face. You’re the only one who can pull the trigger of your heart. Nothing stands in the way of who you want to be but you! If you believe that is a false statement, then you are right! If you believe that it is true, then you are right! What I’m trying to say is that God (for non-believers you can name this higher power “the universe”) gives you the birthright to be whatever you want, but as we grow, our belief that anything is possible becomes disbelief because we focus on what is and not what ‘could be.’

Q 77 From the passage, the narrator can be said to be

The following passage is narrated by a social leader and it is aimed to trigger the inner strength.

Let the truth be told, you are who you are only because you ‘think’ you are. You are the handicap you must face. You’re the only one who can pull the trigger of your heart. Nothing stands in the way of who you want to be but you! If you believe that is a false statement, then you are right! If you believe that it is true, then you are right! What I’m trying to say is that God (for non-believers you can name this higher power “the universe”) gives you the birthright to be whatever you want, but as we grow, our belief that anything is possible becomes disbelief because we focus on what is and not what ‘could be.’

Q 78 What truth is the narrator trying to make us realise?

The following passage is narrated by a social leader and it is aimed to trigger the inner strength.

Let the truth be told, you are who you are only because you ‘think’ you are. You are the handicap you must face. You’re the only one who can pull the trigger of your heart. Nothing stands in the way of who you want to be but you! If you believe that is a false statement, then you are right! If you believe that it is true, then you are right! What I’m trying to say is that God (for non-believers you can name this higher power “the universe”) gives you the birthright to be whatever you want, but as we grow, our belief that anything is possible becomes disbelief because we focus on what is and not what ‘could be.’

Q 79  “…we focus on what is and not what ‘could be’” —In this, the narrator tries to emphasise the

The following passage is narrated by a social leader and it is aimed to trigger the inner strength.

Let the truth be told, you are who you are only because you ‘think’ you are. You are the handicap you must face. You’re the only one who can pull the trigger of your heart. Nothing stands in the way of who you want to be but you! If you believe that is a false statement, then you are right! If you believe that it is true, then you are right! What I’m trying to say is that God (for non-believers you can name this higher power “the universe”) gives you the birthright to be whatever you want, but as we grow, our belief that anything is possible becomes disbelief because we focus on what is and not what ‘could be.’

Q 80 “You are the handicap you must face” —This sentence indicates that

Questions 81 – 84
The following extract is from a diary of Richard, an elderly patient who is recovering from major orthopaedic surgery following a road traffic accident.

My doctors fail to understand the distinction between experience and memory. I asked the surgical resident for the third time today for stronger pain killers, but I was told that it was important that my pain levels were measurable because it would give an indication of the success of the surgery, and useful for monitoring for complications such as compartment syndrome. I seemed to have no choice in the matter. To “make up for” the inadequate pain relief I was receiving, I was reassured that the relaxant medications would reduce my memory of the post-operative phase, so I wouldn’t remember the pain as vividly. I thought to myself – “I have to accept this and suffer now but won’t remember how bad it was – is that supposed to make it all okay?”

Q81
How does the patient feel after speaking with the surgical resident?

Questions 81 – 84
The following extract is from a diary of Richard, an elderly patient who is recovering from major orthopaedic surgery following a road traffic accident.

My doctors fail to understand the distinction between experience and memory. I asked the surgical resident for the third time today for stronger pain killers, but I was told that it was important that my pain levels were measurable because it would give an indication of the success of the surgery, and useful for monitoring for complications such as compartment syndrome. I seemed to have no choice in the matter. To “make up for” the inadequate pain relief I was receiving, I was reassured that the relaxant medications would reduce my memory of the post-operative phase, so I wouldn’t remember the pain as vividly. I thought to myself – “I have to accept this and suffer now but won’t remember how bad it was – is that supposed to make it all okay?”

Q82 How does the patient feel after speaking with the surgical resident?

Questions 81 – 84
The following extract is from a diary of Richard, an elderly patient who is recovering from major orthopaedic surgery following a road traffic accident.

My doctors fail to understand the distinction between experience and memory. I asked the surgical resident for the third time today for stronger pain killers, but I was told that it was important that my pain levels were measurable because it would give an indication of the success of the surgery, and useful for monitoring for complications such as compartment syndrome. I seemed to have no choice in the matter. To “make up for” the inadequate pain relief I was receiving, I was reassured that the relaxant medications would reduce my memory of the post-operative phase, so I wouldn’t remember the pain as vividly. I thought to myself – “I have to accept this and suffer now but won’t remember how bad it was – is that supposed to make it all okay?”

Q83. What is the patient most concerned about?

Questions 81 – 84
The following extract is from a diary of Richard, an elderly patient who is recovering from major orthopaedic surgery following a road traffic accident.

My doctors fail to understand the distinction between experience and memory. I asked the surgical resident for the third time today for stronger pain killers, but I was told that it was important that my pain levels were measurable because it would give an indication of the success of the surgery, and useful for monitoring for complications such as compartment syndrome. I seemed to have no choice in the matter. To “make up for” the inadequate pain relief I was receiving, I was reassured that the relaxant medications would reduce my memory of the post-operative phase, so I wouldn’t remember the pain as vividly. I thought to myself – “I have to accept this and suffer now but won’t remember how bad it was – is that supposed to make it all okay?”

Q84. The doctor could have reduced Richard’s concerns by

Next in the Series

For each of the following items, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically continues the series.

Q 85

Q 86

Q 87

Q 88

Q89

Q 90

Q91 NEXT IN THE SEQUENCE

Q92 NEXT IN THE SEQUENCE

Q93 NEXT IN THE SEQUENCE

Q94 NEXT IN THE SEQUENCE

Q95

Q96

For each of the following items, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically completes the picture.

Q 97

Q98

Q99

Q 100

Q 101

Q 102

Q 103

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q104

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q105

Q106

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q102

Middle of the Sequence

Q 107 In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q108

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q109

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q 110

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q111

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q112

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q113

Middle of the Sequence

In each of the following items, the five figures can be rearranged to form a logical sequence.

For each item, select the alternative (A, B, C, D, or E) that most logically fits in the MIDDLE of the sequence.

Q114